Outdoor faucets, also known as hose bibs or sillcocks, are prone to leaks due to their exposure to the elements. A leaking outdoor faucet can waste water and cause water damage if left unrepaired. Here are some tips on how to stop an outdoor faucet from leaking.
Inspect the Faucet for Signs of Leaks
The first step is to thoroughly inspect the outdoor faucet to identify the source of the leak. Signs of a leak include:
- Drip or spray of water around the spout, handle or base when the faucet is on
- Dampness or wet spots around the faucet or on the exterior wall
- Mineral deposits or rust buildup around the leaky areas
- Rotting, warped or water-damaged areas on the exterior wall around the faucet
Locating the exact origin of the leak will help determine the necessary repairs.
Tighten the Packing Nut
If the leak is coming from around the faucet stem when the water is turned on, it likely means the packing nut needs tightening. The packing nut is found near the base of the faucet behind the handle.
Follow these steps:
- Turn off the water supply to the outdoor faucet and open the faucet to drain any remaining water.
- Remove the decorative handle and cap to expose the packing nut.
- Use an adjustable wrench or pliers to tighten the packing nut 1/4 turn clockwise.
- Turn the water back on and check if the leak has stopped.
- If it still leaks, tighten the packing nut further in 1/4 turn increments until the leak stops. Be careful not to overtighten.
Tightening the packing nut compresses the rubber washer inside and seals the gap around the faucet stem, stopping the leak.
Replace the Faucet Washers
If tightening the packing nut does not work, the leak is likely due to worn-out rubber washers inside the faucet. Replacing the washers is an easy DIY fix:
- Turn off water supply and drain any residual water from the faucet.
- Remove the faucet handle and cap to access the interior.
- Using an adjustable wrench, remove the retaining nut, stem and worn washers.
- Take the assembly to the hardware store and purchase replacement washers.
- Install the new washers in the same sequence.
- Reassemble the faucet.
- Turn on water supply and check for leaks.
Replacing old, cracked or misaligned washers with new ones will stop leaks at the stem.
Replace the Faucet Valves and Seals
For leaks coming from the spout or dripping down the exterior wall when the faucet is turned on, the internal valves and seals likely need replacement. This involves:
- Shutting off water supply and disassembling the faucet down to the valve brackets.
- Cleaning any buildup around the valve seats and springs.
- Replacing worn out O-rings, seals, seats and springs with new ones.
- Reassembling the faucet valves and testing for leaks.
Replacing damaged internal seals and valves repairs more complex leaks. Seek professional help if unsure.
Replace the Entire Faucet
If the leaks persist after trying the above fixes, it may be time to replace the entire outdoor faucet fixture. Some signs indicating replacement is needed:
- Faucet is very old, corroded or mineral-clogged.
- Leak originates from multiple points.
- Interior rubber seals have deteriorated over time.
- Faucet components are difficult to find or repair.
New frost-proof anti-siphon models provide long-term leak protection. Hire a plumber for proper installation.
Prevent Future Leaks
To maximize your new or repaired outdoor faucet’s longevity and prevent future leaks:
- Install faucet aerators to regulate water pressure.
- Insulate pipes to prevent freezing damage.
- Drain and shut off water supply before freezing weather.
- Regularly lubricate faucet O-rings.
- Avoid cross-threading hose connections.
- Caulk gaps around pipes to prevent water seepage.
- Consider installing an insulated faucet box for added protection.
With proper preventive care and regular maintenance, your outdoor faucet can stay leak-free for many years.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the most common causes of an outdoor faucet leak?
The most common causes are worn out rubber washers and O-rings, loose packing nuts, damaged or rusted internal valves and freeze-related cracks. Mineral buildup and high water pressure can also cause leaks over time.
How can I tell where exactly the leak is coming from?
Inspect the faucet closely while the water is on. Leaks from the spout indicate issues with internal valves. Leaks from the handle joints mean worn washers. Leaks at the base or exterior wall point to loose connections or damaged plumbing.
Can I use Teflon tape to stop a faucet leak?
No, Teflon tape is only used to seal threaded joints but will not stop leaks coming from worn washers or valves. It is meant for the threaded fittings when making connections.
My leak stopped after tightening the packing nut. Will this fix last?
Tightening the packing nut can temporarily seal small leaks but it may not provide a lasting solution, as the washers can still deteriorate over time. It’s best to still replace the washers for a more permanent repair.
Does replacing an outdoor faucet require soldering copper pipes?
Not necessarily. Many new frost-proof models use compression fittings that don’t require soldering. Sweat soldering may be needed if the existing fixture uses threaded connections. Consult a plumber if unsure.
Conclusion
Outdoor faucet leaks, if left unaddressed, can lead to costly water bills, water damage and even pipe bursts in freezing weather. Thankfully, many leaks can be easily repaired with basic tools and plumbing skills, like tightening nuts, replacing washers or seals, or installing new faucets. Paying attention to preventive maintenance will also keep your outdoor spigots leak-free for longer. With some diligent effort, you can stop those annoying leaks and enjoy your outdoor water access again.