Outdoor wood furniture can lose its luster over time when exposed to the elements. Restoring outdoor wood furniture can seem like an intimidating task, but with a little time and effort, your outdoor living space can look as good as new. This comprehensive guide covers all the steps needed to properly restore your outdoor wood furniture.

Clean the Wood Thoroughly

The first step in any outdoor wood restoration project is a thorough cleaning. This removes built-up dirt, grime, mold, mildew, and old finishes from the wood’s surface. Start by using a stiff bristled brush and cleaning off heavy debris. For detailed cleaning, mix together:

• 1 gallon of warm water
• 1 cup of bleach
• 1⁄4 cup of liquid dish soap

Using a sponge or cleaning rag, scrub every surface of the wood with the cleaning solution. Let it sit for 10-15 minutes before rinsing thoroughly with a garden hose. This helps remove deep set grime. Allow the wood furniture to dry completely before moving on to sanding.

Sand Away Imperfections

Sanding removes splintered wood fibers, old finishes, scratches, and weathering from outdoor furniture. Start with medium grit (80-100) sandpaper and then move up to fine grit (120-150) to smooth things out. Always sand in the direction of the wood grain.

Make sure to sand all surfaces – legs, arms, slats, undersides, and crevices. Pay close attention to rounded edges and decorative carvings which are prone to wear. Consider using a palm sander or orbital sander to speed up the process. Thoroughly sanding creates an optimal surface for refinishing.

Remove Hardware and Apply Wood Filler

Take off any hardware attached to the furniture, like handles or hinges, prior to using wood filler. This prevents accidentally getting filler on the hardware. Inspect the wooden furniture closely and identify any gouges, nail holes, or missing wood pieces. These imperfections are fixed with wood filler.

Select a wood filler product that matches the natural color of your wood type – maple, cherry, oak, etc. Knead the wood filler until pliable and firmly press it into holes and defects. Let dry completely, then sand flush with the surrounding wood. This provides a smooth surface for refinishing.

Choose a Finish Coating

There are numerous finish options for outdoor wood furniture restoration, each with their own benefits:

Oil-Based Finishes

• Tung Oil – Enhances wood grain, water resistant
• Teak Oil – Protects teak wood from weathering
• Penetrating Epoxy – Seals and strengthens wood fibers

Water-Based Finishes

• Acrylics – Clear, fast drying, and durable
• Water Sealants – Repels moisture, minimal color change
• Spar Urethane – Withstands sun exposure better

Paints and Solid Stains

• Exterior Paint – Vibrant colors, opaque coverage
• Solid Stain – Rich tones that show wood texture
• Paint and Primer – All-in-one product, less prep work

Consider UV and weather resistance, cost, drying time, and desired look when selecting the right finish coating for your outdoor furniture restoration project.

Prep the Wood for Refinishing

Before applying any type of finish, the wood surface must be properly prepped or the new coating won’t adhere correctly.

• Wipe away any dust or debris with a tack cloth. Let dry.
• Use 120-150 grit sandpaper for a final light sanding.
• Vacuum off sanding residue.
• Wipe the wood down with a damp rag and let dry completely.
• Apply wood conditioner if staining softwoods like pine or cedar.
• For paint projects, apply primer allowing sufficient drying time.

Careful prep creates the ideal surface for the new finish to bond to the wood substrate.

Apply Finish in Thin, Even Coats

Read the product instructions to determine proper application technique, drying times, and number of coats recommended. In general:

• Stir paints/stains thoroughly before and during use.
• Use a high-quality natural bristle brush for best results.
• Maintain a wet edge and coat all surfaces evenly.
• Allow sufficient drying time between coats.
• Sand lightly with 220 grit sandpaper between coats for a smooth finish.
• Apply at least 2-3 thin, even coats for best protection. Too thick of a coating can cause drips.

Applying finishes in multiple thin layers builds a durable, long-lasting finish that brings out the beauty of the wood.

Allow Ample Drying and Curing Time

It’s important not to rush the finish drying and curing stages. Most products take 24-48 hours to dry between coats and up to 2 weeks to fully cure. Cool temperatures or high humidity can also prolong drying times. Insufficient drying can lead to impaired adhesion, tacky surfaces, clouding, brush marks, and uneven sheen.

Allow finishes to dry thoroughly between coats. After the final coat, let the finish cure according to manufacturer guidelines before placing anything on the furniture or outside elements can damage the coating. The patience pays off in a durable, long-lasting finish.

Reattach Hardware and Apply Protective Products

Once the finish has fully cured, carefully reattach any hardware that was removed prior to refinishing using a drill or screwdriver. Avoid overtightening. Give hinges a test open and close to ensure smooth operation.

For further protection, consider applying:

• Paste wax to seal the finish from moisture.
• UV-inhibitors to reduce sun damage.
• Products like Thompson’s Water Seal as an extra weatherproofing barrier.

Taking these extra steps helps maintain the restored look and prevent future damage.

Maintaining the Finish Over Time

While the restoration process is now complete, maintenance is still required over time for long-lasting results. Here are some tips for taking care of your refinished outdoor wood furniture:

• Wipe down regularly with a damp cloth to remove pollen, bird droppings, sap, and dirt buildup.
• Allow finish to cure for several weeks before placing/using furniture.
• Cover furniture with waterproof covers when not in use for extended periods.
• Avoid harsh cleaners, scouring pads, or abrasives on the finish.
• Touch up scratches immediately to prevent moisture intrusion.
• Apply fresh coats of finish every 1-2 years or whenever wear is noticed.
• Store furniture indoors, if possible, when not in use to limit sun/weather exposure.

With proper care, your outdoor wood furniture can maintain its restored beauty for many years to come and provide an inviting space to enjoy the outdoors.

Supplies Needed for Restoring Outdoor Wood Furniture

Completing an outdoor wood furniture restoration requires having the right supplies on hand. Gather these materials before starting your project:

• Cleaning supplies – Dish soap, bleach, scrub brushes, sponges, towels
• Sandpaper – 80, 100, 120, 150, 220 grit
• Sanding tools – Sanding blocks, palm sander, tack cloths
• Filler – Wood filler tinted to furniture color
• Finishes – Oil, paint, varnish, stain, primer, sealer
• Brushes – Natural bristle brush, foam brush
• Rags – Lint-free cloths, tack cloths
• Hardware – Screws, nails, hinges, handles
• Safety gear – Gloves, dust mask, eye protection
• Miscellaneous – Drop cloths, paint trays, stir sticks

Having all materials readily available will make the restoration process easier from start to finish. Consider doing an inventory of supplies before getting started. Purchasing finishes, sandpaper, brushes, and other items ahead of time prevents having to stop mid-project.

Steps for Restoring Outdoor Wood Furniture

Restoring outdoor wood furniture can breathe new life into old, worn pieces. Follow these key steps:

Cleaning

• Remove loose dirt and debris with stiff bristle brush
• Create cleaning solution of water, bleach, and dish soap
• Scrub furniture with solution using a sponge or rag
• Rinse thoroughly with water and allow to dry fully

Sanding

• Start with medium 80-100 grit sandpaper
• Sand all surfaces in direction of the wood grain
• Use fine 120-150 grit paper to smooth and prep for finish
• Remove all sanding residue

Repairs

• Inspect for gouges, nail holes, missing wood
• Fill defects flush with surrounding wood using filler
• Allow filler to dry completely, then sand smooth

Finishing

• Wipe away dust with tack cloth before finishing
• Apply finish coats in thin, even layers with brush
• Lightly sand between coats for a smooth surface
• Allow proper drying time between coats

Curing

• Let finish fully cure for several weeks before use
• Avoid placing furniture outside before finish has hardened

Maintenance

• Wipe surfaces regularly to prevent buildup
• Cover when not in use for extended periods
• Apply fresh finish coats as needed over time

Tips for Stripping Old Finish from Wood Furniture

When restoring heavily weathered outdoor wood furniture, it may be necessary to completely strip the old finish before applying a new protective coat. Here are helpful tips for effective finish removal:

Use Chemical Strippers

• Select a powerful chemical stripper formulated for the outdoors.
• Apply a thick coat according to the product instructions.
• Let stripper sit for adequate time to penetrate the old finish.
• Use a metal scraper to remove the softened finish.
• Neutralize wood with solution of baking soda and water.

Sand Away Stubborn Areas

• Use 60-80 grit sandpaper to vigorously sand down to raw wood.
• Target remaining finish in crevices and carved details.
• Sand with the wood grain using an orbital sander.
• Avoid over-sanding which can damage the wood surface.

Use a Pressure Washer

• Adjust pressure washer to under 1000 PSI.
• Use a fan tip nozzle held 6-10 inches away.
• Remove loose paint chips/residue with wire brush first.
• Rinse wood thoroughly after pressure washing.

Safety Precautions

• Work in a well-ventilated area and wear gloves.
• Avoid skin contact with chemical strippers.
• Protect eyes and face from flying debris when sanding.
• Let wood dry fully before applying new finish.

Completely stripping away old failing finish allows for proper adhesion and longevity of newly applied exterior coating.

How to Repair Scratches and Gouges in Outdoor Wood Furniture

Outdoor wood furniture is prone to scratches, gouges, and dents from regular use. Here are some tips for making repairs:

Assess Damage

• Examine size, depth, and severity of imperfections.
• Determine if wood filler, wood putty, or epoxy is needed for repairs.

Sand Surrounding Area

• Sand 2-3 inches around damaged spot to feather the edges.
• Use 80-100 grit sandpaper to rough up surface.
• Vacuum sanding dust before wiping clean with tack cloth.

Fill Scratches and Gouges

• For small scratches, use colored wood putty.
• Select wood filler tinted to match furniture for larger holes.
• Firmly pack filler into damaged areas past surface level.
• Allow adequate drying time according to product.

Sand Repaired Spots

• Use 120-150 grit sandpaper once filler has hardened.
• Gently sand in direction of wood grain until flush.
• Avoid under or over-sanding repaired areas.
• Wipe away fine dust before applying new finish.

Seal with Finish Coating

• Use high-quality exterior grade finish matching existing.
• Apply thin, even coats allowing proper dry time.
• Lightly sand between coats for a smooth sealed surface.

Properly filling scratches and gouges restores the look of outdoor wood while preventing further moisture damage.

How to Stain and Seal an Outdoor Wood Table

Staining and sealing an outdoor wood table helps restore color while providing protection from the elements. Follow these key steps:

Prep the Wood Surface

• Clean table thoroughly and allow to dry fully.
• Sand smooth using 100-150 grit sandpaper.
• Wipe away all sanding dust with a dry cloth.
• Use tack cloth to remove remaining dust particles.

Apply Wood Conditioner (Optional)

• Use conditioner if staining soft or porous woods like pine.
• Allows for more even absorption of stain.
• Apply evenly following product directions.
• Let penetrate wood for 5-15 minutes before wiping away excess.

Apply Stain

• Use gel stain for easier outdoor application.
• Stir stain well before and periodically during use.
• Apply in direction of the wood grain with a clean brush.
• Maintain a wet edge and coat all surfaces evenly.
• Let stain penetrate 10-15 minutes before wiping away excess.
• Allow stain to dry per manufacturer’s instructions before sealing.

Seal with Protective Finish

• Choose exterior grade sealer like polyurethane or varnish.
• Carefully apply 2-3 thin coats with a high quality brush.
• Lightly sand between coats with 220 grit sandpaper.
• Ensure proper drying time between coats.

Sealing a stained outdoor wood table provides a vibrant look while protecting from weathering and sun damage over time.

How to Paint Outdoor Wood Furniture

Painting is a great way to update the look of tired outdoor wood furniture. Follow these key steps for success:

Prep the Wood Surface

• Clean away dirt, grease, and old flaking paint.
• Fill any imperfections with exterior wood filler.
• Sand smooth using 100-120 grit sandpaper once filler has dried.
• Wipe away all sanding residue with a dry cloth.

Apply Primer

• Use exterior grade primer for proper adhesion and corrosion resistance.
• Apply with a high-quality nylon or polyester brush.
• Coat all surfaces evenly, avoiding drips or heavy brush strokes.
• Allow primer to dry fully before applying paint.

Paint Furniture

• Stir paint thoroughly before and occasionally during use.
• Use angled brush strokes to coat corners and details evenly.
• Allow adequate drying time between coats according to manufacturer.
• Sand lightly with fine 220 grit sandpaper between coats for a smooth finish.
• Apply at least 2-3 thin, even coats for best coverage and protection.

Finishing Touches

• Let paint cure fully 72 hours before use.
• Reattach any hardware that was removed using a drill or screwdriver.
• Seal paint with exterior grade polyurethane for added protection.

Follow proper preparation, painting, and curing steps for a long-lasting finish that updates the look of outdoor furniture.

How to Add Cushions to Outdoor Wood Furniture

Adding cushions to outdoor wood furniture enhances comfort and creates an inviting look. Here are some tips:

Select Durable Fabric

• Choose fabric made specifically for outdoor use like polyester or olefin.
• Consider water-resistant and UV-resistant properties.
• Opt for durable fabrics over cotton which deteriorates faster outside.

Measure Carefully

• Note cushion dimensions needed for chairs, lounges, etc.
• Account for any padding to be added beyond base size.
• Add a few extra inches to allow for slippage.

Include Ties

• Attach durable ties or straps to back of cushion.
• Ties prevent cushions from blowing away in wind.
• Make ties long enough to securely fasten cushions to furniture.

Use Quality Fill Material

• Select high resilience foam for proper support and shape retention.
• Polyester fiberfill batting resists mildew but avoid down or feathers.
• Consider foam and batting density for desired cushion firmness.

Make Cushion Covers Removable

• Use zippers or ties to allow cover removal for cleaning.
• Covers can periodically be swapped out for new patterns or fabrics.
• Removable covers make cleaning and storage easier during off seasons.

Properly constructed cushions enhance outdoor living spaces while blending seamlessly with wood furniture.

What Type of Wood is Best for Outdoor Furniture?

When selecting wood for outdoor furniture, durability and weather-resistance are key. The best options include:

Teak

• Extremely resilient against sun, rain, and humidity
• Rich color and natural oils that help repel water
• Requires no finish or sealer which can chip or peel

Cedar

• Contains natural preservatives that deter decay
• Offers a beautiful mix of reddish and white tones
• Handles weather fluctuations without cracking or warping

Redwood

• High moisture resistance makes it great for humid climates
• Stays cooler to the touch than other wood types
• Blends well with a variety of exterior paints and stains

White Oak

• Dense grain makes it very strong and stable
• Tannins help protect against rot, fungi, and insects
• Only requires re-oiling every 2-3 years

Teak Oil

• Enhances beauty of teak while protecting from UV damage
• Helps minimize warping, cracking, and watermarks
• Requires reapplication 2-4 times per year

Ipe

• Extremely dense and nearly waterproof
• Natural durability rating up to 3 times higher than teak
• Rich color and smooth finish when oiled

Choosing weather-resistant wood or proper care strategies enhances the longevity and beauty of outdoor furniture.

How to Care for Teak Outdoor Furniture

Teak is a popular outdoor furniture wood due to its resilience. Here are some tips for caring for teak:

• Clean regularly – Use a soft bristle brush and mild soap to