Building a pipe handrail for outdoor steps is a great way to add safety and style to your exterior. With the right materials and some basic DIY skills, you can create a sturdy and attractive handrail relatively easily. Here is a step-by-step guide on how to build a pipe handrail for outdoor steps.
Introduction
A handrail provides an important grasping point to help prevent slips and falls, especially on exterior steps which can become slick in wet weather. PIPE handrails in particular have a very clean, contemporary aesthetic that pairs well with many home styles from traditional to modern.
Black iron pipe is commonly used, as it is inexpensive and weather-resistant, but you can also find handrails made from copper, stainless steel, or other metals to fit your style. Building it yourself allows you to customize the height, length, pattern, and finish.
Things You Will Need
Before starting your project, assemble all necessary materials:
- Black or galvanized iron pipes in desired thickness (1/2″ or 3/4″ are common)
- Elbows, T-joints, flanges to connect pipe sections
- Pipe clamps or brackets to mount to step stringers
- Heavy duty screws or lag bolts to anchor clamps
- Pipe sealant or Teflon tape
- Paint, stain, or sealant for finishing if desired
- Pipe cutter and deburring tool
- Drill, wrench, level, tape measure, pencil
Step 1: Measure and Cut Pipe Sections
Measure the length and height needed for top and bottom rails and vertical supports. The top rail should be 34-38″ above the nose of the steps for proper graspability. Mark and cut pipes to desired lengths using a pipe cutter. Deburr cut ends.
Step 2: Install Bottom Pipe Rail
The bottom rail will be anchored to the side stringers of the steps. Position pipe and mark spots for clamps, spacing them about 24″ apart. Drill holes for screws or lag bolts. Attach clamps to stringers then slide pipe into clamps and tighten.
Step 3: Install Vertical Supports
Determine desired spacing for vertical supports, usually 24-30″ apart. Measure and cut vertical pipes to correct height. Apply sealant to bottom end and insert into bottom rail fitting. Mark and drill holes in top of steps for flanges to anchor verticals.Tighten flanges.
Step 4: Connect Top Rail
Place top rail between vertical supports, using T-joints or elbows to connect them. Check that top rail is level and tighten all fittings securely. Seal joints as needed for weatherproofing.
Step 5: Seal and Finish Pipe
Use Teflon tape or pipe sealant on all threaded joints to prevent leaks. Wipe any dirt or oil from pipes. Apply desired finish like paint or stain for protection and appearance. Let dry completely.
Step 6: Test Handrail
Once assembled, thoroughly test handrail by leaning and putting your weight on it to check for any loose fittings or instability. The handrail should be very sturdy and secure before using steps.
Safety Tips
- Wear protective eyewear when cutting or drilling pipe.
- Use gloves for grip when installing.
- Ensure top railing is at proper height for grasping – between 34-38”.
- Test stability and anchor strength before regular use.
- Use weather-resistant finishes to prevent rust or corrosion.
- Check fittings occasionally for any loosening over time.
A pipe handrail instantly improves the look of any exterior steps while also providing security. With the right tools and preparation, you can achieve a professional custom handrail with this straightforward DIY project. The end result will provide safety, curb appeal, and functionality for years to come.
Frequently Asked Questions
What size pipe should I use?
1/2″ or 3/4″ black iron pipe are common choices. Larger diameters provide more grip, while smaller sizes have a more delicate look. Choose based on aesthetics, grip needs, and building codes in your area.
What tools do I need?
At minimum, you will need a pipe cutter, wrenches, drill, level, tape measure, deburring tool, screws/anchors, and clamps or flanges to affix the pipes. Protective eyewear and gloves are also recommended.
What is the best way to cut black pipe?
Use a tubing cutter for straight, clean cuts without damage to the pipe. A hacksaw can also work but may crush or warp the pipe ends. Deburr the cut edges smooth.
Should I cement the joints?
Not necessary. Using Teflon tape or pipe sealant to wrap threads creates a tight seal when assembling fittings. Cement would be permanent and make adjustments difficult.
How do I anchor the handrail to concrete, brick or stone steps?
Using a masonry drill bit, drill clearance holes into mortar joints or concrete surface. Insert masonry anchors or lead anchors to securely bolt clamps or flanges in place.
Can I use wood posts instead of vertical pipe supports?
Yes, you can substitute wooden posts secured in the ground or to the steps. Attach top and bottom rails to posts using metal post brackets.
How do I finish the handrail?
Wipe dirt/oil from pipes. Apply a weather-resistant paint like Rustoleum in your choice of sheen and color for protection and aesthetics. Stain or sealant are other good options.
Conclusion
Installing a sleek and sturdy pipe handrail on exterior steps is an easy DIY project. With some simple tools, basic supplies, and the proper techniques, you can build a pipe handrail customized to your space. Pay close attention to proper measuring, cutting, deburring, sealing, and securing all joints. Safety check for stability before use. Add paint or stain to complete the project. Your new handrail will provide safety and style to your outdoor steps for years to come.