Making your own outdoor table can be a fun and rewarding DIY woodworking project. With the right materials, tools, and techniques, you can build a beautiful and functional outdoor table customized to your space. This comprehensive guide covers everything you need to know to make your own outdoor table from scratch.
Introduction
An outdoor table is a versatile backyard addition that can be used for dining, entertaining, or just sitting and relaxing outdoors. Building your own allows you to create exactly the size, shape and style you want while saving money compared to buying pre-made. With basic woodworking skills and tools, it’s easier than you think.
This guide will walk through the entire process of making an outdoor table including planning considerations, material selection, essential tools, step-by-step building instructions, finishing, care and maintenance. By the end, you’ll have the knowledge to construct your own customized, high-quality outdoor table you can enjoy for years to come. So let’s get started!
Planning Your Outdoor Table
Before you start building, it’s important to plan out your outdoor table project. Consider the following factors:
Size
How big do you want your outdoor table to be? The size should be based on available space in your yard as well as how many people you want the table to seat. A good dining table size for 4-6 people is 48″–72″ wide and 30″–36″ deep.
Shape
Outdoor tables are available in square, rectangular, round and even oval shapes. Measure your space and determine the best fit. Round or oval tables can fit well in smaller areas.
Design
Consider the overall look and style you want for your outdoor table. Do you want a traditional wooden table? Something more modern with metal accents? Rustic and farmhouse? Choose a design that fits your taste and complements your outdoor space.
Materials
Redwood, cedar, and pressure-treated pine are common woods used for outdoor tables. Teak is also excellent though more expensive. Some tables incorporate stone, metal or tile for the tabletop surface. Select weather-resistant materials that can handle exposure to the outdoor elements.
Seating Capacity
Determine how many people you want your outdoor table to seat comfortably. Allow for at least 24″ per person for dining tables. Bench seating on two sides can accommodate more people.
Portability
For small spaces, consider a lightweight folding design that can be stowed away when not in use. Larger tables may need to be disassembled for off-season storage if space is limited.
Budget
Outdoor tables can range greatly in price. Having a budget will help narrow down the materials and size options. DIY builds allow you to create an affordable customized table.
Essential Tools & Materials
Building an outdoor table requires basic woodworking tools along with quality materials selected for weather resistance. Here are the essential items needed:
Tools
- Circular saw or miter saw
- Drill/driver
- Level
- Tape measure
- Clamps
- Sandpaper/sander
- Safety gear – gloves, eye protection, etc.
Materials
- Legs – 4×4 lumber, metal pipes, concrete, etc.
- Aprons – 2×4 or 2×6 lumber
- Tabletop – Plywood, redwood boards, pressure-treated lumber
- Fasteners – exterior wood screws, bolts
- Hardware – brackets, connectors, hinges (for folding table)
- Stain, sealant or polyurethane (for finished wood)
Purchase quality lumber without warps, knots or defects. Allow materials to acclimate to the temperature and humidity for a few days before starting the build. This helps prevent warping or cracking.
Step-by-Step Building Instructions
Now let’s go through the process of constructing an outdoor table step-by-step:
1. Cut the Table Legs
The table legs form the base and support the entire weight of the table. 4×4 lumber or concrete blocks make excellent legs. Cut the legs to the desired table height using a power miter saw. Standard dining table height is 28″ – 30″.
2. Attach the Aprons
Aprons are support boards that connect the legs together, adding strength and stability to the base. Cut 2×4 or 2×6 apron pieces to span between the outside edges of the legs. Use exterior screws and wood glue to attach aprons flush to the legs. Be sure the base is square.
3. Build the Tabletop Frame
The tabletop frame provides support for the tabletop surface. Construct it using 2x4s cut to fit the dimensions of your tabletop. Attach the boards together at the corners to form a square or rectangular frame using wood screws or a pocket hole jig technique.
4. Add the Tabletop
Once the table base and frame are complete, you can attach the tabletop surface. Plywood, redwood boards or pressure-treated lumber all make good outdoor tabletop materials. Place boards side-by-side on the frame, leaving a 1/8” gap between each. Attach using screws from underneath the frame at regular intervals.
5. Apply Finishing (Optional)
For a refined look, apply an outdoor sealant, stain or polyurethane finish. Multiple thin coats provide better protection. Allow ample drying time between coats. A clear coat preserves the natural wood grain while stain adds color.
6. Add Hardware
Install any additional hardware such as hinges for folding tables, wheels for mobility, or an umbrella hole. Take care when drilling holes through the tabletop to avoid splitting. Use a backing block for support.
7. Weatherproof for Added Durability (Recommended)
To further protect from outdoor elements, encase the table legs in concrete or apply epoxy to exposed surfaces. Seal any unfinished surfaces, holes and joints. Maintain the finish annually.
And that’s it – you now have a hand-crafted outdoor table perfect for dining al fresco! The DIY design possibilities are endless. Customize your table to suit your personal style, space and needs.
Design Variations
The basic construction process allows for many creative variations when building an outdoor table. Consider these design options:
Convertible Table
Attach folding hinges to make a convertible table that folds up against a wall or railing when not in use.
Built-in Table
Integrate the table right into a deck or patio surface for a seamless look. Leave gaps between boards for drainage.
Tile Tabletop
Use weather-resistant tile like stone or ceramic instead of wood for a smooth, elegant tabletop.
Concrete Table
Cast a concrete slab tabletop or make the legs from stacked concrete blocks for an industrial modern look.
Mosaic Table
Decorate the tabletop by embedding tile, marbles or colored glass to create a mosaic pattern. Use exterior grout.
Metal Accents
Add metal legs, trim or inlays for a more contemporary style. Aluminum and galvanized steel are good options.
Glass Tabletop
For a lightweight and easy-to-clean alternative, attach tempered glass to the table frame. Avoid glass without additional support.
Mix and match elements like wooden legs with a stone top or metal frame with wood tabletop slats. Get creative with your outdoor table design!
Best Materials for an Outdoor Table
Choosing the right materials is key to creating an outdoor table that can withstand sun, rain, and year-round weather exposure. Consider using these durable and water-resistant materials:
Teak
Teak has natural oils that make it resistant to moisture, warping, insects and decay. It’s a premium wood that requires no sealing or finish.
Redwood
Redwood is naturally rot-resistant and has a beautiful reddish color. It holds up well outdoors with proper sealing and maintenance.
Cedar
Cedar has excellent insulation properties and resists swelling and shrinking. Stain or seal it for added protection. Avoid knots which collect moisture.
Pressure-Treated Lumber
Lumber soaked in preservatives provides budget-friendly outdoor durability. Look for lumber rated for ground contact.
Plastic Lumber
Plastic composite lumber is rot-proof, splinter-free and easy to maintain. It often contains recycled materials.
Aluminum
Lightweight, corrosion-resistant aluminum makes excellent frame and leg components for outdoor tables.
Galvanized Steel
Steel dipped in zinc resists rusting and corrosion. Use it for table frames, legs and accent features.
Concrete
Solid concrete makes a great tabletop surface or can be used to form table legs when stacked. Add tile or stone accents.
Stone
Granite, limestone, and other stone types withstand weather beautifully. Opt for at least 2 inches thick for tabletops.
Combine these materials to take advantage of their benefits. For example, use aluminum legs with a bamboo tabletop or teak planks on a concrete base. Select durable, weather-proof materials tailored to your climate.
Maintaining and Caring for an Outdoor Table
Outdoor tables require some regular care and maintenance to look their best for years. Here are top tips for keeping your outdoor table in good condition:
Cleaning
Wash regularly with mild soap and warm water using a soft cloth or sponge. Avoid abrasive cleansers or scouring pads. For tough stains, use oxalic acid (such as Bar Keepers Friend).
Sealing
Reapply exterior sealer or finish annually to protect wood from moisture damage. Teak oil helps preserve teak.
Covering
Use a waterproof cover or tarp to protect the table from harsh weather when not in use.
Storage
Disassemble or move tables to a covered location during winter if possible. Store folded tables upright.
Leveling
Ensure the table remains level and sturdy. Adjust leg height as needed if shifts occur.
Hardware
Periodically check hardware such as hinges, wheels and locks. Tighten or replace as needed.
Repairs
Sand and repaint or reseal any damaged areas. Replace rotted wood once damage occurs.
With proper cleaning, sealing, covering and storage, a quality outdoor table can provide many years of seasonal enjoyment and stand up to the elements. Be diligent and care for your outdoor furniture.
Frequently Asked Questions
What type of wood is best for outdoor tables?
Teak and redwood are excellent choices, along with cedar, cypress, and pressure-treated pine. Opt for durable, weather-resistant woods rated for outdoor use.
Can I use plywood to build an outdoor table?
Exterior grade plywood with a waterproof glue is suitable for tabletops. Use marine grade plywood for increased moisture resistance. Avoid regular plywood which degrades quickly outside.
How thick should a wooden outdoor tabletop be?
For stability, use 1-1.5 inch thick boards or 3/4 – 1 inch plywood for wooden tabletops. Join multiple boards to achieve the thickness.
What can I use to seal and protect my outdoor table?
Polyurethane, varnish, and oil-based stains help seal and protect wooden tables outdoors. Apply a marine epoxy for extra waterproofing. Reapply annually.
How can I prevent my outdoor table from wobbling?
Check that the table is level. Shim table legs as needed to stabilize on uneven ground. Use diagonal braces under the table for added support.
What’s the best way to clean an outdoor table?
Regular cleaning with mild soap and water is recommended. For stubborn stains on wood tables, use an oxalic acid-based cleaner. Disinfect plastic tables with bleach solution.
How do I winterize my outdoor table?
Consider moving tables to a protected area if possible. Otherwise, use furniture covers and elevate off wet ground. Clean and allow to dry fully before winter storage.
When should I re-stain or reseal my outdoor table?
Inspect annually, looking for worn or bare spots. When the finish becomes patchy, restore it by sanding lightly and applying fresh coats of sealant.
How can I prevent my table umbrella hole from leaking?
Apply marine-grade epoxy around the hole. Or place a drain pan beneath to catch water. Plug hole when not in use. Check sealant annually.
Can I make my own concrete tabletop?
Yes, building a mold and pouring a concrete slab tabletop is doable for an outdoor table. Just ensure the concrete is properly supported by the table frame underneath.
Conclusion
Building your own outdoor table is an achievable and rewarding DIY project with the right approach. Determine the size, style and materials that best suit your needs. Gather essential tools and quality lumber. Follow construction steps carefully for proper assembly. Apply a protective sealant if using wood. Maintain your outdoor furniture annually. Incorporate personalized design details – the possibilities are endless! With this guide’s help, you can create a customized high-quality outdoor table perfect for dining and entertaining outside.