Outdoor bricks can add beautiful character to your home, patio, or walkway. However, exposure to the elements causes dirt, grime, and stains over time. Learning how to properly clean outdoor bricks is essential for maintaining their appearance. With some basic cleaning solutions and the proper techniques, you can return your outdoor bricks to their original glory.

Why It’s Important to Clean Outdoor Bricks

Cleaning outdoor bricks regularly provides both aesthetic and functional benefits:

Removes dirt, moss, mold, and mildew that can spread and lead to damage
Restores bright color and original appearance of bricks
Allows proper water drainage and airflow to prevent cracking and spalling
Helps prevent leaks, deterioration, and costly repairs down the road
Improves curb appeal and enhances beauty of landscaping

Neglecting brick cleaning allows pollutants to penetrate deeper over time. This makes removal more difficult and can lead to permanent stains. Get into the habit of cleaning outdoor bricks at least once a year. High traffic areas may need cleaning every 3-6 months.

Supplies Needed

Cleaning outdoor bricks requires just a few basic supplies:

Bucket
Stiff bristle brush or broom
Garden hose with adjustable nozzle
Sponge or scrub brush
Clean cloths or towels
Mild detergent or brick cleaner
Safety goggles and gloves

Avoid using a wire brush or abrasive materials that could damage the brick surface. Have a separate bucket for rinsing. You may also need an extendable scrub brush for tall walls.

Preparing to Clean the Bricks

Proper preparation helps ensure safe and effective cleaning:

Sweep loose dirt with a broom to avoid grinding it into the bricks
Remove any outdoor items or furniture blocking the brick surfaces
Check for cracks or missing mortar needing repair before washing
If using a cleaner, test on a small inconspicuous area first
Wet down nearby plants and grass to avoid damage from splashing
Wear protective goggles and waterproof gloves

Pre-wetting the bricks helps the cleaning solutions penetrate and lift dirt more effectively. Avoid cleaning bricks in direct sunlight or if temperatures are above 85°F, as solutions can evaporate too quickly.

Cleaning Methods and Solutions

Several effective methods and cleaning solutions can be used to clean most outdoor bricks:

1. Water and Mild Detergent

For light dirt, mix 1-2 tablespoons of mild laundry or dish detergent into a bucket of water. Use a stiff scrub brush and sponge to scrub the soapy solution onto stained areas. Let soak 5-10 minutes before rinsing thoroughly. Avoid using too much pressure during scrubbing to prevent damaging the brick surface.

2. Pressure Washer

For moderate to heavy dirt, a gas or electric pressure washer can be used to spray away dirt and grime at 2000-3000 psi. Adjust the nozzle to a wider fan spray at a 45° angle and keep 6-12 inches away to avoid damaging bricks. Higher pressure can etch or gouge brick surfaces. Rinse thoroughly after pressure washing.

3. White Vinegar Solution

For hard water stains or calcium/lime buildup, spray full strength vinegar onto affected areas. Let soak for 5-10 minutes then scrub vigorously with a stiff bristle brush. Rinse thoroughly and repeat as needed for stubborn stains. Wear gloves when handling vinegar.

4. Commercial Brick Cleaner

For severe staining or dirt, oxygen-based cleaners are safer for outdoor bricks than acidic cleaners. Follow label directions carefully and test on a small area first. Apply with a brush and let soak for 5-10 minutes before rinsing thoroughly. Never mix cleaners together as toxic fumes can result.

5. Baking Soda Poultice

For oily stains, mix baking soda with just enough water to form a spreadable paste. Apply 1/4-1/2 inch thick and let dry completely (1-2 days). Dampen and scrub off. Repeat as needed until stains are gone. Wear gloves when handling.

Cleaning Tips and Precautions

Follow these tips for the most effective and safe brick cleaning:

Work from the bottom up to avoid drips staining lower areas
Rinse off any cleaning solutions thoroughly after soaking
Wear rubber-soled shoes to avoid slipping on wet bricks
Change rinse water often to prevent redistributing dirt
Avoid letting cleaning solutions dry on the bricks
Work in shaded areas during hot weather
Never use acidic cleaners on new or antique bricks
Do a final rinse with clean water and let bricks fully dry

Take care not to damage mortar when scrubbing. Avoid using metal tools or wire brushes. If using a pressure washer, limit cleaning time to prevent erosion of mortar joints or bricks.

Cleaning Different Types of Outdoor Bricks

Certain types of bricks require slightly different cleaning approaches:

Clay Bricks

The most common outdoor brick; clean with water, mild detergent and stiff nylon brush. Avoid bleach or acid-based cleaners which can damage clay.

Concrete Bricks

Clean with water or alkaline-based brick cleaners and non-metallic brushes. Avoid acid-based products. Seal after cleaning for added waterproofing.

Glazed or Decorative Bricks

Use only water, mild detergent and soft bristle brush. Test cleaners first to prevent etching glazed surfaces or damaging special coatings. Avoid pressure washing.

Sandstone Bricks

Clean with mild detergent and soft brush. Don’t use high pressure. Apply brick sealer after to help resist future staining. Avoid acid cleaners.

Antique Bricks

Never use pressure washers or acidic chemical cleaners. Gently clean with mild detergent and soft brushes. Test cleaners first. Take extra care not to damage aged brick surface.

If you’re unsure of your brick type, start with a mild detergent and soft brush first to avoid damage. Check for colorfastness of old bricks by wetting a small area; if color bleeds, avoid chemical cleaners.

Removing Specific Stains from Bricks

For specific stubborn stains, try these tips:

Efflorescence (whitish haze): Use diluted muriatic acid solution – 10 parts water to 1 part acid. Apply with a brush and rinse thoroughly.
Rust stains: Use oxalic or phosphoric acid cleaner followed by a sodium metabisulfite pretreatment.
Oil/grease stains: Scrub with baking soda paste. Can also try mineral spirits or citrus-based degreaser.
Chewing gum: Freeze with ice pack then chip off residue with plastic scraper. Avoid metal scrapers.
Mold/mildew: Use oxygen bleach-based cleaner or dilute 1 part bleach to 10 parts water. Rinse thoroughly.
Leaf staining: Use oxalic acid cleaner but avoid damaging foliage above. Rinse thoroughly.

For severe stains that resist other cleaning methods, a poultice made of bleach and talc/bentonite clay may be required. Test first and closely follow directions to avoid bleach damaging the bricks.

Maintaining Clean Bricks

To keep your outdoor bricks looking their best:

Inspect and clean bricks every year at minimum
Re-seal outdoor bricks every 2-3 years
Use outdoor mats at entryways to reduce dirt tracking
Keep landscaping pruned back from touching the home
Divert rainwater runoff with downspout extensions
Repair any cracks or damaged spots in mortar
Replace any broken or spalling bricks promptly

With proper sealing and maintenance cleaning every 1-2 years, your outdoor bricks will retain their like-new appearance and prevent costly damage or deterioration.

How to Choose the Best Brick Cleaning Method

Not all outdoor bricks or stains are the same. Choosing the best cleaning method involves considering the brick type, age, staining level, and your available equipment. Follow these tips for selecting suitable brick cleaning techniques:

Evaluate Brick Type and Condition

Identify if the bricks are clay, concrete, sandstone, glazed or another material
Check if antique or newer construction bricks
Note any prior damage, cracking or missing mortar

Older and more delicate bricks require gentler cleaning approaches. Using the wrong method can etch or erode bricks. Test cleaners first on inconspicuous areas.

Assess Level and Type of Dirt or Staining

Determine if light dirt or severe staining is present
Identify the source – algae, hard water deposits, grease etc.
Try cleaning a small test spot to gauge staining level

Light dirt may clean with water and mild detergent alone while heavy staining needs stronger chemical cleaners. Target cleaners to the specific staining present.

Evaluate Environmental Factors

Consider amount of shade vs. direct sunlight on bricks
Determine if temperatures will be hot or more moderate
Check if high winds could affect cleaning solution drying

Cleaning in direct sun or high heat causes solutions to dry out faster reducing effectiveness and increasing chemical hazards. Delay cleaning if high winds will disperse solutions.

Determine Available Equipment

Assess if you have a pressure washer or need hand cleaning
Ensure electrical outlets are accessible if using power equipment
Check that hoses can reach all brick areas without pulling or tearing

Cleaning by hand takes more time and elbow grease but avoids potential damage from pressure washing. Ensure all equipment can safely reach target areas.

Test Potential Cleaning Solutions

Select 2-3 possible cleaners suited to stain type
Try cleaners first on a small, inconspicuous test area
Check results after 10 minutes and 24 hours allowing to fully dry

Testing potential cleaners first prevents discoloration or damage. Compare cleaning effectiveness after drying to pick the best product.

Choosing well-suited methods ensures efficient, safe brick cleaning. Avoid damage by starting gently and testing product compatibility before full use. Patiently cleaning brick by brick restores beauty and curb appeal.

Supplies and Tools Needed for Cleaning Bricks

Having the proper supplies and tools on hand makes cleaning outdoor bricks much easier and more effective. Stock up on these recommended items:

Cleaning Solutions

Mild liquid detergent or soap
White vinegar for hard water stains
Oxygen bleach-based brick cleaner
One or more specialty stain removers
Bucket, scrub brush, and spray bottle for solutions

Avoid harsh acidic cleaners that can damage bricks. Make sure to test solutions first before full use.

Safety Equipment

Waterproof gloves
Eye protection goggles
Rubber boots with tread
Knee pads for kneeling
Dust mask if using chemical cleaners

Protect yourself from skin and eye exposure, slippery surfaces, and potential inhalation of chemical fumes or dust.

Brushes and Applicators

Stiff nylon or plastic bristle scrub brushes
Heavy-duty push brooms for dry sweeping
Scrub sponges and microfiber cloths
Paint scrapers for peeling paint or gum
Extendable pole brushes for high walls

Avoid metal bristle brushes or wire scrapers that could scratch bricks. Have various sizes and stiffnesses for different tasks.

Pressure Washer Accessories

Gas or electric pressure washer
Extension cord if electric powered
Variable pressure nozzles (25°, 40°)
Surface cleaning attachments
Rotary hand brush for delicate areas

Use only wide-spray low pressure attachments. Keep pressure below 1500 psi for bricks.

After Cleaning Care

Bucket and sponge for rinsing
Clean terry cloth towels for drying
Trisodium phosphate (TSP) if re-painting
High quality brick sealer compatible with any cleaners used

Avoid spreading dirt and grime by changing rinse water frequently. Use TSP if painting for proper adhesion.

Having the right tools makes the cleaning process faster and more efficient. Always follow any safety precautions when using cleaning chemicals and power equipment.

Step-by-Step Guide for Cleaning Outdoor Bricks

Follow this detailed step-by-step process for best results cleaning your outdoor bricks:

1. Inspect and Prepare the Brick Surface

Sweep away loose dirt, leaves and debris with a broom
Remove any items or furniture blocking access
Check for cracked or missing mortar needing repair
Identify any previous treatments or sealants on bricks

Proper inspection enables you to target problem areas and select suitable cleaning methods. Repair major cracks or damage to prevent further deterioration.

2. Protect Surrounding Areas

Cover nearby windows, doors, plants and vents
Wet grass, vegetation and metal fixtures to prevent damage
Clear patio furniture, rugs, or decor away from work area

Avoid cleaning solution overspray on surfaces that could be injured or stained. Use plastic sheeting if needed for sensitive areas.

3. Pre-Wet the Bricks

Use a garden hose to lightly pre-soak entire brick surface
Let soak 5-10 minutes so water penetrates pores deep
Mist occasionally to keep damp without runoff

Wetting bricks before washing prevents absorbing dirt further in and allows cleaners to work more effectively.

4. Apply Cleaner and Let Soak

Use brush, sponge or sprayer to evenly coat problem areas with cleaner
Ensure mortar between bricks is fully saturated too
Let cleaner dwell 5-10 minutes so it can fully penetrate

Applying cleaners while bricks are still wet allows better coverage and contact time to lift stains. Don’t let cleaners dry on the surface.

5. Scrub and Rinse Thoroughly

Scrub bricks, grout lines, and mortar with stiff nylon brush
Take care around delicate decorative features
Keep surface wet while scrubbing using light spray as needed
Rinse off cleaner thoroughly with steady stream of water

Scrubbing provides the mechanical action to lift stains and rinse water flushes away residue. Change rinse water often to prevent re-depositing grime.

6. Spot Treat Stubborn Stains

Check for remaining discoloration or stains after rinsing
Spot treat with specialty remover suitable for that stain
Let dwell 5-10 minutes then scrub and rinse
Repeat as needed for maximum removal

Targeted stain removal prevents having to re-clean the entire surface. Consult a brick cleaning company for severe stains.

7. Allow Bricks to Dry Completely

Use towel to soak up rinse water
Allow 48 hours of dry time before sealing or painting
Run fans to accelerate drying in damp areas

Sealing or painting before bricks have dried fully can trap moisture and damage bricks or adhesion.

Thorough cleaning and proper drying provides the best results. Inspect bricks after drying for any remaining trouble spots. Your bricks will look revitalized!

FAQs About Cleaning Outdoor Bricks

Cleaning outdoor bricks prompts many common questions. Here are helpful answers to some frequently asked queries:

Q: How often should outdoor bricks be cleaned?

A: Outdoor bricks should be cleaned at least once per year. High traffic areas may need cleaning every 3-6 months. Annual cleaning helps prevent long-term buildup of dirt, organic stains, and minerals.

Q: What is the safest way to clean old or antique bricks?

A: Use only gentle, non-acidic cleaners like mild detergent and soft brushes on old bricks, testing products first. Avoid pressure washing antique bricks which can damage their delicate historic surface.

Q: How can I remove white hazy stains from my bricks?

A: White hazy stains are caused by efflorescence, which is mineral deposits left behind when trapped moisture evaporates. Use a diluted 10:1 solution of muriatic acid and scrub to remove, followed by thorough rinsing.

Q: What is the white powder that appears on my cleaned bricks?

A: This is efflorescence, a crystalline deposit left behind when salts in the brick or mortar are drawn out by water evaporation. Use an alkaline cleaner formulated to remove efflorescence.

Q: Why does moss, mold, or mildew keep growing back on my bricks?

A: Moss and mildew thrive in shaded, damp areas with poor drainage. Corrective actions like tree trimming to increase sunlight exposure and diverting water runoff can help deter regrowth.

Q: How do I remove rust stains from bricks?

A: For rust, first apply a phosphoric or oxalic acid-based rust remover, then use a sodium metabisulfite pretreatment before cleaning as normal. This helps convert rust so it can be washed away.

Q: Can I use a pressure washer to clean all types of bricks?

A: While pressure washing removes dirt quickly, it can also damage many brick types. Limit pressure to 1500 psi or less and test first on a small area. Keep the nozzle 6-12 inches away at a 45° angle.

Q: How long after cleaning before I can seal or paint bricks?

A: Allow a minimum 48 hours of dry time before applying any sealer or paint. Bricks should be fully dry to allow proper adhesion and prevent trapping moisture underneath.

Properly cleaning outdoor bricks extends their life and your enjoyment. Follow safe methods to enhance their appearance while protecting their structural integrity.

Tips for Keeping Outdoor Bricks Clean

Regular cleaning of outdoor bricks prevents heavy soiling and stains from accumulating. Here are helpful tips for keeping your bricks looking their best between deep cleanings:

Inspect bricks periodically for new dirt or stains to clean before they set in and spread
Use a leaf blower and soft bristle broom to remove debris and surface dust often
Mix mild detergent and water in a spray bottle for quick spot cleaning
Target clean walkways and steps more frequently due to higher foot traffic
Reapply protective

How to Clean Outdoor Bricks