File cabinets are an essential part of any well-organized office. They allow for the efficient storage and retrieval of important documents and records. But what exactly are traditional file cabinets made of? Here is an overview of the most common metals used in file cabinet manufacturing.
Steel is The Most Popular Metal for File Cabinets
The majority of file cabinets are constructed primarily from steel. Steel is a strong, durable metal that can withstand frequent opening and closing of drawers over many years of use. It provides the structural rigidity needed to support hanging folders and resists warping or deforming under weight and pressure.
There are a few reasons why steel is the preferred metal for file cabinets:
- Strength – Steel is simply stronger than other common metals like aluminum. The thicker steel used in file cabinets can hold more weight without bending.
- Durability – Steel stands up well to dings, dents and general wear-and-tear better than other metals. It maintains its shape well over time.
- Fire resistance – Steel has relatively high fire resistance, which is important for protecting documents. It does not melt or burn as easily as other metals.
- Cost effective – Steel is more affordable than other high-quality metals. This keeps file cabinet costs reasonable.
- Welding – Steel is easy to weld together during manufacturing. This allows for sturdy joints.
The most common type of steel used is cold-rolled steel, which provides an excellent combination of strength and cost-effectiveness. Higher-end file cabinets may be made from stainless steel for extra corrosion resistance.
Drawer Slides Are Often Made of Aluminum
While the main cabinet structure is steel, the drawer slides are commonly constructed from high-quality aluminum. Aluminum provides a smooth, lightweight sliding mechanism for easy opening and closing of drawers.
Aluminum has properties that make it well-suited for file cabinet slides:
- Lightweight – Aluminum weighs less than steel, putting less strain on the sliding parts.
- Smoothness – Aluminum has a slippery smooth surface that allows effortless gliding of drawers.
- Durability – Extruded aluminum rails hold up well to repeated use without wearing down.
- Noise reduction – Aluminum dampens vibration and impacts, resulting in quieter operation.
- Rust resistance – Aluminum does not rust over time like steel, maintaining smooth sliding.
Aircraft-grade aluminum alloys provide maximum strength and corrosion resistance for long-lasting drawer slides. High precision manufacturing ensures the top drawer alignment.
Other Metals like Stainless Steel May Be Used
While steel and aluminum make up the majority of the metal components in a file cabinet, other metals may also be used:
- Stainless steel – More expensive cabinets may use corrosion-resistant stainless steel for the body or drawers. This provides a sleeker look.
- Zinc alloy – Diecast zinc is commonly used for handle pulls, wheel bases, and other hardware pieces on file cabinets.
- Brass – Brass bushings help reduce friction at pivot points like hinges. Locks may also contain brass components.
- Carbon steel – This is used for precision machine components like bearings and gears within drawer slide mechanisms.
So in summary, while steel is the prominent metal that gives file cabinets their strength and durability, components like slides, handles, and hardware pieces contribute to the smooth function and appearance. The combination of metals provides the ideal properties for practical, long-lasting file storage. Knowing the metals used can help choose a quality cabinet that will last for many years of heavy office use.
Common Design Styles and Features
File cabinets come in a variety of design styles to match different office environments:
Vertical File Cabinets
- The most popular style with drawers stacked vertically. Available in 2, 3, 4, or 5 drawer models.
- Can be found with a wood, laminate, or metal exterior.
- Offers front-to-back and side-to-side filing options.
- Some feature built-in locks for security.
Lateral File Cabinets
- Files stored in wide shallow drawers that pull out sideways.
- Allow easy access to multiple folders at the same time.
- Require floor runners for stability when multiple drawers are open.
- Available as 2, 3, 4, or 5 drawer cabinets.
Pedestal File Cabinets
- Compact file storage on a broad flat base with two or three drawers.
- Can be used beside an office desk in place of a drawer unit.
- Typically made of steel with a laminate or veneer exterior.
- Provide small footprint filing.
- Some models allow stacking two pedestals vertically.
Fireproof File Cabinets
- Insulated all-metal construction prevents internal temperatures from rising above 350°F during a fire.
- Can maintain paper integrity for 30 minutes up to 2 hours.
- Provide vital protection for important documents and records.
- More expensive than standard cabinets but offer peace of mind.
When selecting a file cabinet, consider the planned usage, available space, weight loads, and desired features. An all-steel cabinet provides the most durable and protective storage solution for the widest range of document types.
Frequently Asked Questions
What thickness of steel is used in most file cabinets?
The steel used in the majority of file cabinet bodies ranges from 16 to 22 gauge thickness. This provides adequate durability for general office use while keeping costs reasonable. High-end fireproof cabinets use even thicker 10 to 12 gauge steel.
What is the benefit of an all-steel vs. wood file cabinet?
All-steel cabinets provide greater strength, load capacity, and fire resistance. They are better for heavily used settings. Wood cabinets have a more executive styling but lack the ruggedness of steel. Composite wood/steel cabinets offer a middle ground.
How should I care for a steel file cabinet?
Use a microfiber cloth to gently clean surfaces. Remove scuffs or marks with a cleaner like Simple Green. Lubricate sliding mechanisms that become stiff with a silicone spray. Avoid harsh abrasives. Have loose parts like lock mechanisms repaired promptly.
Are file cabinet drawers on ball bearing slides?
Most modern file cabinets use precision telescoping sliding mechanisms rather than ball bearings. These allow very smooth motion under heavy loads. High-end or lateral cabinets may use ball bearing suspensions for ultra-smooth gliding.
Can I remove dents or bent drawers on a used steel filing cabinet?
It can be difficult to remove dents from the rigid steel used in most file cabinets. Bent drawers usually cannot be straightened without taking apart the drawer slide components. Your best bet is to replace severely damaged parts rather than trying to fix them.
Conclusion
While often overlooked, file cabinets are ingeniously designed for rugged day-to-day use. Quality cabinets made from durable metals like steel and aluminum can serve an office for decades. Understanding the metals and components used in their construction helps choose designs that offer ample capacity, security, and longevity. With the right built-to-last file storage solution, important documents and records can be conveniently accessed exactly when needed.