Disconnect Hoses and Shut Off Valves
The first step is to disconnect any hoses connected to outdoor spigots and make sure the shut-off valves inside your home are closed. This prevents any standing water inside the pipes from freezing. Drain any remaining water from pipes by turning on the outdoor spigot and allowing it to run until the water stops flowing.
Insulate Pipes and Spigots
Insulating exposed water pipes and spigots is one of the most effective ways to avoid freezing. You can use specifically designed pipe insulation wraps or pipe heating cables that wrap around pipes. For spigots, install an insulated spigot cover. Make sure to weatherproof the insulation to keep it dry.
Add Heat Tape
For extra freeze protection, you can install heat tape or heat cable. This is an electric heating element that wraps around pipes. The heat keeps pipes warm enough to prevent freezing, even down to very low temperatures. Use only UL-approved products and install according to manufacturer instructions.
Use Heat Lamps or Space Heaters
For spigots in unheated spaces like garages, point a heat lamp or space heater towards the fixture. This radiant heat can keep the pipe from freezing. Just make sure to keep flammable materials away from the heat source.
Disconnect and Drain Lines
For spigots that aren’t used in winter, you can disconnect any attached hoses and completely drain the supply line. Open the spigot and valve so no water remains. This eliminates the freezing risk but means the spigot won’t be operational until reconnected in spring.
Maintain a Trickle Flow
Allowing a thin stream of water to run from the spigot overnight can prevent freezing. This is most effective for spigots that are along an exterior wall where cold air can reach the pipe. Just make sure to insulate the pipe near the spigot as well.
Check Spigots Frequently
During extreme cold snaps, check your outdoor spigots daily to make sure they aren’t frozen. If ice begins accumulating anywhere on the pipe, take steps to thaw immediately before a complete blockage occurs.
Know When to Call a Professional
If your pipes freeze in spite of preventive measures, call a plumber immediately to thaw and inspect for any ruptures. Attempting to thaw with flame or electrical devices on your own could damage pipes. Professionals have the proper equipment to safely thaw pipes.
Taking a few simple precautions can keep your outdoor spigots working even in frigid winter temperatures. Proper insulation, heat sources, and vigilance will prevent inconvenient and costly frozen pipe situations. With the right preparation, you can keep enjoying the convenience of outdoor water access all winter long.
Frequently Asked Questions About Preventing Outdoor Spigots From Freezing
How do I know if my outdoor spigot is frozen?
The most obvious signs are no water flowing when the spigot is turned on, and noticeable ice or frost buildup on the pipe near the spigot. You may also hear gurgling noises in the pipe as the blockage prevents water flow.
What temperature will freeze outdoor pipes?
Water freezes at 32°F. But pipes can burst at just a few degrees below freezing if water sits stagnant in the line. Spigots are especially prone to freezing even when temperatures are in the mid 30s F.
Can you insulate plastic water pipes?
Yes, you can use pre-slit foam tubing or molded plastic sleeve insulation to insulate plastic pipes. Fiberglass pipe wrap should be avoided, as it can crack PVC pipes as temperatures fluctuate.
What is the best insulation for outdoor pipes?
Fiberglass and polyethylene foam pipe insulations work well for insulating metal pipes outdoors. Wrap pipes with heat tape under the insulation for added protection. Cover the insulation with waterproof tape.
How close can a heat lamp be to pipes?
Heat lamps should be at least 18 inches from plastic pipes and 12 inches from metal pipes. Follow the lamp manufacturer’s recommendations. Keep flammable materials at least 36 inches away.
How long does it take for pipes to freeze?
It depends on the temperature and wind speed. Unprotected metal pipes can burst within a couple hours at below 5°F. Plastic pipes may take longer to freeze completely, but still sustain damage quickly in extreme cold.
Can you use a hair dryer to thaw frozen pipes?
No, you should never use a hair dryer or other electrical device to thaw pipes, as they can overheat pipes and cause bursting. Use a UL-approved portable space heater or contact a plumber for professional thawing equipment.
How do you insulate an outdoor faucet?
Use an insulated faucet cover specifically made for outdoor spigots. Foam pipe covers that wrap around the head and valve areas also help. Remove hoses and shut off indoor valves before insulating.
Should I drip my outdoor faucet in winter?
Dripping spigots overnight during extreme cold helps prevent freezing. But dripping alone usually isn’t sufficient protection. Make sure to also insulate pipes and take other preventive measures.
How can I protect my pipes when going away in winter?
Before leaving, disconnect all hoses and fully drain pipes leading to outdoor spigots. Shut off indoor shut-off valves. Considerasking a house-sitter to periodically check vulnerable pipes or hire a plumber to winterize your system.
Conclusion
Preventing outdoor spigots from freezing requires advance preparation before winter hits, vigilance as cold temperatures set in, and immediate attention at the first sign of ice buildup. Insulate pipes, add supplemental heat sources, shut off and drain water lines, and frequently check spigots during freezes to avoid burst pipes. A frozen spigot is inconvenient, but taking proactive measures can keep your outdoor water flowing all winter long.