Installing flood lights is a great way to illuminate your outdoor space for safety and security or simply to create ambiance for evening activities. With proper planning and preparation, installing outdoor flood lights is a relatively straightforward DIY project. Here is an in-depth guide on how to install flood lights outdoors.
Choose the Right Flood Light Fixture
When selecting flood lights, consider the size of the area you want to illuminate along with your specific lighting needs. Key factors to evaluate include:
Lumens
Lumens indicate the total amount of light emitted by the flood light. A higher lumen rating means brighter light. For a medium to large sized patio or garden, look for flood lights with at least 5000-8000 lumens.
Beam Angle
The beam angle indicates the width of the light beam. Flood lights typically have beam angles between 45-120 degrees. Wider beam angles (90-120 degrees) are better for illuminating larger areas.
CCT Rating
CCT (correlated color temperature) indicates the tone of the light. Warm white lights in the 2700K-3000K range are best for creating ambiance. Cool white lights above 4000K provide crisp, clear illumination.
Lighting Special Features
Look for weatherproof fixtures rated for wet, outdoor use. Timers, motion sensors, and dimmers help control when the lights turn on and how bright they are.
Light Quality
Opt for LED flood lights for the longest lasting, energy efficient outdoor lighting. Go for name brands known for high quality lighting products.
Fixture Housing
Choose an enclosed housing with a durable finish made of aluminum, bronze or other weather-resistant material. Avoid exposed bulbs which can break over time.
Pick the Right Location
Determine the optimal spot to install your outdoor flood lights by considering the following:
Lighting Purpose
Focus the lights where you need it most whether it’s over a patio space, garden path, driveway or entryway. Flood lights work well mounted to the house, in trees or on posts.
Electrical Points
Have access to a grounded electrical outlet or junction box to connect the lights. It’s recommended to install flood lights on a dedicated circuit. Use weatherproof conduit to run wiring.
Height
Mount flood lights 8-15 feet above the ground to achieve optimal light coverage. Angle the fixtures slightly downwards to focus light on the intended area.
Obstacles
Avoid any obstructions like tree branches that could block light coverage. Check for roof overhangs or rain gutters that might get in the way when mounting flood lights to your home.
Gather the Right Tools and Materials
Installing flood lights requires some wiring and basic hand tools. Here’s what you’ll need:
- Flood light fixtures
- Wire strippers
- Voltage meter
- Exterior caulk or silicone
- Weatherproof electrical boxes or conduit
- Mounting hardware (specific to your installation location)
- Drill with assorted drill bits and drivers
- Hammer
- Ladder
- Work gloves
- Safety glasses
- Electrical tape
- Junction boxes with covers
- Wire connectors or crimping tool
- Grounding rods and clamps
Make sure you have all the right tools, equipment and accessories before getting started.
Steps to Install Outdoor Flood Lights
Follow these key steps to safely and successfully install flood lighting in your outdoor space:
Step 1 – Turn Off Power
Turn off power at the main circuit breaker before doing any electrical work. Use a non-contact voltage tester to confirm power is off where you plan to install the flood light fixtures.
Step 2 – Mount Electrical Boxes
Install exterior electrical boxes where you want your flood lights located. Weatherproof boxes are a must for outdoor lights. Mount them to the wall, eaves, post or other surfaces according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
Step 3 – Run Electrical Wires
Run the necessary electrical wires from your circuit panel through conduit to each electrical box. Use UL-approved 12-3 or 12-2 gauge weatherproof cable suitable for outdoor use. Pay attention to electrical codes for proper wire sizing.
Step 4 – Prepare Flood Light Fixtures
Unscrew the flood light housing and expose the wiring. Thread the supply wires from the electrical box through the ports in the light base. Secure the wires to the terminals following the manufacturer’s wiring diagram.
Step 5 – Connect Wires
Inside the electrical boxes, use suitable wire connectors to connect the flood light wires to the supply wires coming from the power source. Follow the color coding – connect black to black, white to white, and bare copper ground wire to green screw or wire.
Step 6 – Mount Flood Lights
Place the wired assembly back into the flood light housing and screw it closed. Seal any gaps in the housing with silicone caulk for weather protection. Then mount the assembled flood light onto the electrical box according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
Step 7 – Turn Power Back On
With all wiring and mounting complete, turn the main power back on. Test the newly installed flood lights to make sure they work properly before completing the installation.
Step 8 – Caulk and Weatherproof
Once tested and working, caulk around the exterior electrical boxes and any gaps between the light fixtures and mounting surface. Use silicone or outdoor caulk to prevent water intrusion and rust.
That completes the basics of safely installing outdoor flood lighting. Now it’s time to enjoy your new outdoor lights!
Outdoor Flood Lighting Tips
Follow these useful tips and maintenance practices for your new outdoor flood lights:
- Use a surge protector or install a dedicated circuit for outdoor lights to handle the wattage.
- Check fixtures periodically and re-caulk any gaps that develop to prevent moisture damage.
- Clean outdoor light covers regularly to maximize light output. Avoid using abrasive cleaners.
- Inspect wiring connections, mounting points and hardware periodically for any needed repairs.
- Considerflood light covers or shields to reduce glare, light trespass and insects drawn to the light.
- Position flood lights thoughtfully to avoid shining directly into windows which causes glare problems.
- Angle flood lights downwards and avoid tilting them upwards to prevent excessive glare and light pollution.
- Use motion sensors or timers to control when the flood lights activate to save energy and reduce light nuisance to neighbors.
Proper installation combined with ongoing maintenance and operation will ensure your outdoor flood lights work reliably for years of almost unlimited illumination possibilities.
FAQs About Installing Outdoor Flood Lights
What kind of bulbs do outdoor flood lights use?
LED bulbs are the best option for flood lights due to their energy efficiency, long life span of up to 25,000 hours and ability to withstand outdoor environments. Avoid incandescent or CFL bulbs which burn out quicker.
How high should I mount flood lights on my house?
8 to 15 feet is the ideal mounting height for most outdoor flood lights. This provides ample lighting coverage while minimizing shadows and glare.
Do outdoor flood lights need to be on a GFCI circuit?
Yes, installing flood lights on a GFCI (ground fault circuit interrupter) outlet or circuit breaker provides important protection from electrical shocks and electrocution in wet outdoor areas.
How many lumens do I need for outdoor flood lights?
For moderately sized spaces like patios, gardens or driveways, look for flood lights rated at 5000-8000 lumens. Bigger areas may require 10,000-20,000+ lumens for sufficient light coverage.
How many flood lights should I install for my driveway?
For an average sized driveway (2-3 cars), you’ll need a minimum of two 20,000-lumen flood lights positioned on either side for full light coverage. For larger driveways, use additional flood lights placed every 25-30 feet.
Should outdoor flood lights be on all night?
Leaving outdoor flood lights on all night long wastes energy and can annoy neighbors. Use motion sensors or timers to control when they switch on, and switch lights off late at night when illumination is not needed.
What is the most energy efficient outdoor flood light?
LED flood lights are the most energy efficient option, using at least 75% less energy than halogen or incandescent. Go for ENERGY STAR-rated LED lights for optimal efficiency and performance.
Conclusion
Installing outdoor flood lights is an easy DIY project that can provide incredible illumination and enjoyment of your exterior spaces after sunset. By selecting suitable flood light fixtures, mounting them properly, and making weatherproof electrical connections, you can create professional quality outdoor lighting. Position and angle fixtures thoughtfully to avoid glare. Ongoing maintenance and operation adjustments will keep your outdoor flood lights performing optimally for years on end.